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Backtracking

Subsets II (with duplicates)

**Problem Statement:** Given the required input arguments, write an efficient algorithm to solve the **Subsets II (with duplicates)** problem. Implement the required logic as specified by standard definitions for this classic algorithmic challenge. **Hint / Expected Approach:** Sort + skip duplicates at same recursion level **Edge Cases to Consider:** - (1) All elements same - (2) No duplicates - (3) Two equal subsets from different indices

Examples

Example 1
Input: [1,2,2]
Output: [[],[1],[1,2],[1,2,2],[2],[2,2]]
Example 2
Input: [0]
Output: [[],[0]]
Explanation: Single
Example 3
Input: [1,1,1]
Output: [[],[1],[1,1],[1,1,1]]

Constraints

  • ▪Input arguments are within valid ranges
  • ▪Optimize for execution speed
  • ▪Handle null/empty inputs gracefully

Watch Out For Edge Cases

  • ▪All elements same
  • ▪No duplicates
  • ▪Two equal subsets from different indices
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